Throughout this essay Appiah discusses how the world today is no longer filled with isolated groups or local tribes. The world was once filled with people groups that had little to no interaction with people that were not directly in their community or in a nearby location. Today, due to technology which allowed the spread of culture all across the planet, we are now a "global tribe". Appiah describes this change with the word Cosmopolitanism. Cosmopolitanism involves two main ideas. One involving morality and the other in valuing the lives and culture of other nations. This idea that everyone has a responsibility to everyone in the world despite country, race, beliefs, and values comes from the spread of technology. Thanks to technology we now have the ability to know what is happening to people in different countries around the world no matter what part if the planet we happen to be on. It is very easy to hear of the customs and practices of those people as well as what is happening within their government and environment. Simply by knowing these facts Appiah suggests that we have a moral obligation to help anyone that is on need simply because we know about their misfortune and have to ability to do something to help them. However, Appiah take it one step further by saying that not only do we have a moral obligation to the world, we have a responsibility to take an interest in the practices and values that make that group of people who they are. Appiah believes says, "theres a sense in which cosmopolitanism is the name not of the solution but of the challenge". Appiah promotes this life style of unity or at least mutual respect for others cultures, but realizes that this task is not an easy one. It will take a while to generate such a transformative social change. However, he believes that the best way to go about this is to start a conversation between all the different people groups. Yet, he is not ignorant to the fact that many people find it hard to accept opposing values from a different culture. He argues that we do not necessarily have to accept their way of life as our own, but one should be willing to have a conversation about each others lives without creating a huge fight or misunderstanding. In reality, many people have similar values but it is just the reasons behind those values that people differ on. Appiah says, "We can live together without agreeing on what the values are that make it good that we live together: we can agree about what to do in most cases, without agreeing why it is right. The important factor is that differing communities and countries can converse in a way that will open communication between different cultures in order to solidify the idea of cosmopolitanism that is charging ahead whether people learn to appreciate each other effectively or not. Appiah sums up these ideas by saying, "I am urging that we should learn about people in other places, take an interest int their civilizations, their arguments, their errors, their achievements, not because that will bring us to agreement, but because it will help us get used to one another.